The dynamics of political change in North Korea have become a global concern, especially along with developments in domestic policy and foreign interactions. After Kim Il-sung, the country’s founder, North Korean politics was dominated by strict party and family control. Currently, under the leadership of Kim Jong-un, there are a number of significant changes in both domestic policy and international relations. One striking aspect of political dynamics is the “Economy before Nuclear” strategy. Under Kim Jong-un, North Korea has shown interest in improving economic conditions while continuing to develop its nuclear program. This step aims to create legitimacy in the eyes of the domestic community who long for improvements in welfare. Increased investment in agricultural infrastructure and technology reflects government efforts to respond to the food crisis. Abroad, relations with other countries have also changed. In 2018, Kim Jong-un held a historic meeting with US President Donald Trump in Singapore. This moment illustrates a change in diplomatic approach. Although the concrete results of the meeting are still being debated, it shows North Korea’s intention to interact more widely with the international community. However, this relationship remains complex. Tensions rose again after the meeting and a series of missile tests, indicating that the nuclear weapons program remained a priority. The international community’s response, including UN sanctions, had a significant impact on North Korea’s economy, but did not change the leadership’s political stance. Dynamics in society also have an influence. The younger generation is starting to show interest in information from outside the country, especially through limited access to the internet. This creates demand for freedom of expression and change, although the government maintains tight control over the media. Loyalty to Kim Jong-un, even though it is built on the concept of “juche” or independence, is starting to be questioned by some groups. Emerging discontent among party and military elites, coupled with economic hardship, could be a catalyst for greater social change in the future. With the changing political climate, it is important to continue monitoring the situation in North Korea. Further developments in the country’s political, social and economic aspects will continue to attract world attention, and how the country adapts to internal and external challenges will determine its future fate.
