Gambling is an activity that involves risking something of value – such as money or property – on an event that depends on chance and for which the outcome is not known in advance. It can involve placing a bet on sports events, games of chance like bingo and scratchcards, or even betting with friends. Gambling can be fun but it becomes a vice when a person is unable to control their gambling and it starts to negatively impact their lives.
In its most extreme form, it may result in severe consequences for the gambler and those around them. Problem gambling can affect a person’s physical and mental health, relationships, work performance and study, and their family and friends. It can also lead to debt, homelessness and suicide.
Understanding the nature of gambling problems has evolved significantly over time. Historically, individuals who experienced negative outcomes from gambling were considered to have a weakness of character or poor judgment, and their behaviour was viewed as morally wrong. Today, however, we understand that those with a problem with gambling have psychological issues. This shift in understanding has been reflected in the various editions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (called DSM) published by the American Psychiatric Association.
Despite the widespread availability of gambling opportunities, many people do not realise they are at risk of developing a problem. This is partly because problem gambling can occur in different forms and is often hidden from those closest to the person, such as friends and family. Furthermore, the way in which technology has changed the landscape of gambling makes it difficult for those who are at risk to recognise their situation and seek help.
The majority of people who gamble do so responsibly, and the vast majority of problems occur when a person becomes addicted to gambling. In most cases, this is a result of poor self-control, compulsive and impulsive thinking, and an inability to regulate emotions.
In addition, some people become dependent on gambling as a source of income. These individuals have a very high level of addiction and rely on the gambling process to alleviate their boredom and to avoid engaging in illegal activities. For this reason, it is important to understand how gambling works and the risks involved.